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A termite nest can be considered as being composed of two components, both the inanimate and the animate. The animate is all of the termites living inside the colony, and the inanimate part is the structure itself, which is constructed by the termites. Nests can be broadly separated into three main classes: subterranean (completely below ground), epigeal (protruding above the soil surface), and arboreal (built above ground, but constantly connected to the ground via shelter tubes).184 Epigeal nests (mounds) protrude from the earth with ground contact and are made from ground and mud.

Most termites construct underground colonies rather than multifunctional nests and mounds.186 Primitive termites of today nest in wooden constructions such as logs, stumps and the dead parts of trees, as did termites millions of years back.184.

To build their nests, termites mostly utilize faeces, which have many desirable properties as a construction material. Other building materials include partly digested plant material, used in carton nests (arboreal nests built from faecal elements and timber ), and dirt, used in subterranean nest and mound construction. Not many nests are visible, as many nests in tropical woods are situated underground.186 Species in the subfamily Apicotermitinae are great examples of subterranean nest contractors, since they only reside inside tunnels.

Nests and mounds protect the termites' tender bodies against desiccation, mild, pathogens and parasites, as well as providing a fortification against predators.188 Nests made out of carton are especially weak, and thus the inhabitants use counter-attack approaches against invading predators. .

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Arboreal carton nests of mangrove swamp-dwelling Nasutitermes are enriched in lignin and depleted in cellulose and xylans. This change is caused by bacterial decay in the intestine of their termites: they use their faeces as a carton building substance. Arboreal termites nests can account for up to 2% of above ground carbon storage in Puerto Rican mangrove swamps.

Some species build intricate nests called polycalic nests; this habitat is called polycalism. Polycalic species of termites sort numerous nests, or calies, connected by subterranean chambers.107 The termite genera Apicotermes and Trinervitermes are known to possess polycalic species.191 Polycalic nests appear to be less frequent in mound-building species although polycalic arboreal nests have been observed in a few species of Nasutitermes.191.

Nests are considered mounds should they protrude from the earth's surface. A mound provides termites exactly the same protection for a nest but is stronger.189 Mounds located in regions Bonuses having torrential and continuous rainfall are in danger of mound erosion due to their clay-rich construction. Those made from carton can offer protection against the rain, and in fact can withstand large precipitation.

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For instance, Cubitermes colonies build narrow tunnels used as strong points, as the diameter of the tunnels is small enough for soldiers to block.192 A highly protected chamber, known as the"queens mobile", houses the queen and king and is employed as a final line of defence. .

Species in the genus Macrotermes arguably construct the most complex structures in the insect world, constructing enormous mounds. These mounds are among the largest in the world, reaching a height of 8 to 9 metres (26 to 29 feet), and consist of chimneys, pinnacles and ridges.56 Another termite species, Amitermes meridionalis, can construct nests 3 to 4 metres (9 to 13 ft ) high and 2.5 metres (8 ft ) wide.

The sculptured mounds sometimes have elaborate and distinctive types, such as the ones of the compass termite (Amitermes meridionalis and A. laurensis), which assembles tall, wedge-shaped mounds with the long axis oriented about northsouth, which gives them their common name.194195 This orientation has been experimentally shown to assist thermoregulation. The north-south orientation causes the internal temperature of a mound to increase rapidly during the morning when avoiding overheating from the midday sun.

Termites construct shield tubes, find out here now also known as earthen tubes or sand tubes, that begin from the ground. These shelter tubes can be found on walls and other structures.197 Constructed by termites during the night, a time of higher humidity, these tubes provide protection to termites from potential predators, especially ants.198 Shelter tubes also give high humidity and darkness and allow workers to collect food sources that cannot be accessed in any other manner.197 These passageways are made from dirt and faeces and are normally brown in colour.

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They range from less than 1 cm to several cm in width, but might extend dozens of yards in length.198.

Owing to their wood-eating habits, many termite species can do significant harm to unprotected buildings website link and other wooden structures.199 Termites play an important function as decomposers of wood and vegetative material, and the conflict with humans occurs where structures and landscapes containing structural wood components, cellulose derived structural materials and ornamental vegetation provide termites with a trusted supply of food and moisture.200;Their custom of remaining concealed often results in their presence being undetected until the timbers are seriously damaged, leaving a thin coating of a wall which protects them from your environment.201 Of the 3,106 species known, only 183 species cause damage; 83 species cause significant damage to wooden structures.199 In North America, 18 subterranean species are pests202; in Australia, 16 species possess an economic impact; in the Indian subcontinent 26 species are considered pests, and in tropical Africa, 24.